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Why(发问时，答案重要，但向后读的过程中不要忘了问的是什么，也就是说：问题也重要) do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question.(看来不是那么容易回答的，那下文就有内容可写了)The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.(引出了论证方向，后面肯定要讲它是怎么回事了。通过这个方式过渡到下面的陈述，但总主题依然是要回答开头的问题。)
Sad to say,(有份量的用语)this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.(调研并没有发现实质问题，所以，下面肯定会进一步深入)
But(要谈实质了)the sources of distrust(不信任的根源)go way deeper(注意比较级的含义：不信任的根源远不是上面那么肤浅，而是更深，到底怎么样呢？作者要谈自己的分析了). Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each day’s events. In other words,(因为前面内容重要，怕你理解不了，或者没有说透，所以才变着花样再说一遍)there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.(先谈了standard templates的弊端)
There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the ‘standard templates’ of the newsroom seem alien to many readers.(围绕standard templates进一步展开)In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.(注意把握论证过程)
Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they’re less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots(能推测出意思吗？)in a community.(上一段提出问卷调查，本段展示结果)
Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isn’t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers.(这便是问卷调查的结论)
This(不可小看这个代词，它承上启下)is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly(重点词)a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then (什么作用？)it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers. But(重要处)it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did,(虚拟语气的作用)it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.(有总结论了) |
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发表于 2008-11-6 13:30:43
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